the survey of effect channels of population age structure on per capita income in iran (a causality analysis

population in all countries plays a fundamental role in economic growth and economic development. but besides absolute size and growth rate of population, the more important factor will be “age structure” or “age distribution” of population, because it can be as source of many economical, social, and political challenges. in this research, we investigate effect of changes in population shares in three age groups (under 15, 15-64, and above 65) and also young and old dependency ratio on iran’s per capita income by considering effect channels. in this research, we use toda-yamamoto causality approach for test causality relationship between demographic variables and economic variables and also causality relationship between economic variables and per capita income. on the other hand, we apply auto regressive distributed lag (ardl) approach for identify effect of changes in population shares in three age groups and also young and old dependency ratio on level and growth rate of per capita income.